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Nanoscale Technologies in Highly Sensitive Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases
Chaohong Shi1, Haotian Xie2, Yifan Ma3
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, China.
Insights
Nanomaterials offer improved early detection of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through enhanced cardiac immunoassays and molecular imaging. This review highlights nanodiagnostics for more sensitive and accurate CVD diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading global cause of death and significant healthcare expense.
- Current CVD diagnostic methods, including molecular imaging and biomarkers, face challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for early detection.
- There is a critical need for advanced diagnostic tools for efficient early-stage CVD identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current cardiac biomarkers and imaging techniques for CVD diagnosis.
- To explore the application of nanotechnologies in improving diagnostic tools for CVD.
- To summarize and compare nanodiagnostic approaches in cardiac immunoassays and molecular imaging.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on CVD diagnostic techniques.
- Analysis of nanomaterial applications in cardiac immunoassays (CIAs).
- Evaluation of nanotech-based molecular imaging for CVD.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterial platforms possess unique physicochemical properties beneficial for diagnostic tool development.
- Nanotechnologies enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of cardiac immunoassays.
- Various nanodiagnostic strategies show promise for molecular imaging in CVD.
Conclusions:
- Nanomaterials represent a promising avenue for developing next-generation diagnostic tools for cardiovascular diseases.
- The integration of nanotechnology can significantly improve the early detection and diagnosis of CVD.
- Further research into nanodiagnostics will advance the clinical management of cardiovascular conditions.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death and morbidity in the world and are a major contributor to healthcare costs. Although enormous progress has been made in diagnosing CVD, there is an urgent need for more efficient early detection and the development of novel diagnostic tools. Currently, CVD diagnosis relies primarily on clinical symptoms based on molecular imaging (MOI) or biomarkers associated with CVDs. However, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay are still challenging for early-stage CVDs. Nanomaterial platform has been identified as a promising candidate for improving the practical usage of diagnostic tools because of their unique physicochemical properties. In this review article, we introduced cardiac biomarkers and imaging techniques that are currently used for CVD diagnosis. We presented the applications of various nanotechnologies on diagnosis within cardiac immunoassays (CIAs) and molecular imaging. We also summarized and compared different cardiac immunoassays based on their sensitivities and working ranges of biomarkers.
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