A Cardiac Troponin T Biosensor Based on Aptamer Self-assembling on Gold

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Cardiology

Background:

• Myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis relies on biomarkers like troponin T (TnT).
• Early and accurate TnT detection is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient prognosis.
• Existing diagnostic methods may have limitations in sensitivity, speed, or cost.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a sensitive and accurate aptasensor for the early detection of myocardial infarction.
• To establish an electrochemical method for quantifying troponin T (TnT) using an aptamer-based biosensor.
• To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the aptasensor in human serum samples.

Main Methods:

• Immobilization of a specific aptamer sequence with high affinity for TnT onto a gold surface.
• Electrochemical quantification of TnT using the developed aptasensor.
• Validation of the aptasensor's performance using 99 human serum samples.

Main Results:

• The aptasensor demonstrated sensitive detection of TnT within a range of 0.05-5 ng/mL.
• A low detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL was achieved.
• The aptasensor exhibited high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, both at 95%.

Conclusions:

• The developed aptamer-based biosensor provides a sensitive and accurate method for early myocardial infarction detection.
• This biosensor has the potential to significantly impact health policy by reducing MI mortality and heart failure incidence.
• Widespread adoption of this aptasensor could lead to reduced costs, faster diagnosis, and improved accuracy for TnT detection.