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Risk factors for atopic and nonatopic asthma in Puerto Rican children

Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez1, Yueh-Ying Han1, Erick Forno1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|June 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study identified key risk factors for childhood asthma in Puerto Rico. Modifiable factors like diet, body mass index (BMI), and environmental exposures are crucial for preventing atopic and nonatopic asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited understanding of asthma risk factors in Puerto Rican children.
  • Focus on identifying modifiable risk factors for atopic and nonatopic asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify modifiable risk factors for atopic and nonatopic asthma in a vulnerable pediatric population in Puerto Rico.
  • To inform targeted public health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
  • Included 305 children with asthma and 327 controls.
  • Asthma defined by physician diagnosis and wheezing; atopic vs. nonatopic asthma differentiated by IgE levels.
  • Logistic regression used for multivariable analysis.

Main Results:

  • Atopic asthma associated with higher BMI z-score, prematurity, parental asthma, gun violence exposure, and pet birds.
  • Unhealthy diet linked to increased odds of both atopic and nonatopic asthma.
  • Nonatopic asthma associated with parental asthma, early-life second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure, and daycare attendance.

Conclusions:

  • Identified modifiable risk factors for atopic asthma (BMI, gun violence exposure) and nonatopic asthma (SHS, daycare).
  • Dietary improvements can reduce asthma risk in both forms.
  • Findings highlight targets for asthma prevention in Puerto Rican children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Puerto Rican childrenatopicnonatopic asthmarisk factors

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