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Early Prelingual Auditory Development of Infants and Toddlers With Unilateral Hearing Loss

Fengling Yang1, Yun Zheng, Gang Li

  • 1Hearing Center/Hearing & Speech Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
|July 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) experience delays in early auditory development, impacting sound discrimination, identification, and vocalization. These developmental challenges are comparable to those seen in bilateral mild hearing loss.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) is a common condition in infants and toddlers.
  • The impact of UHL on early prelingual auditory development (EPLAD) requires further investigation.
  • Understanding these developmental trajectories is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the influence of congenital and permanent UHL on EPLAD in infants and toddlers.
  • To compare EPLAD in children with UHL to those with bilateral normal hearing (BNH) and bilateral mild hearing loss (BMHL).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Infant-toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (ITMAIS) in identifying auditory developmental delays.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, case-controlled study design was employed.
  • Participants included 65 children with UHL, 70 with BNH, and 32 with BMHL.
  • The 9-item Infant-toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (ITMAIS) was used to assess EPLAD.

Main Results:

  • Children with UHL showed delays in sound discrimination, identification, and preverbal vocalization compared to BNH.
  • Severe to profound UHL was associated with more significant EPLAD handicaps.
  • EPLAD trajectories in children with UHL were similar to those with BMHL.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital and permanent UHL lead to demonstrable delays in early auditory development.
  • These delays are observable from birth, prior to speech and language acquisition.
  • The ITMAIS is a suitable tool for detecting auditory developmental delays in both unilateral and bilateral hearing impairments.
Abstract

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