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Immune disorders after severe injury.

M Delire1

  • 1Department of Clinical Research, Behringwerke AG, Marburg.

Annales De Biologie Clinique
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Severe injuries impair the immune system, increasing infection risk. This acquired immunodeficiency, linked to tissue damage and suppressed immune cells, is worsened by medical treatments and malnutrition.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Trauma Medicine
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Septic complications are a leading cause of death in severe injury patients.
  • Despite advances in antibiotics and intensive care, infectious episodes remain high.
  • Severe injuries appear to induce acquired immunologic deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms behind post-injury immune deficiency.
  • To identify factors contributing to increased susceptibility to infection after trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immune responses to severe injury.
  • Analysis of the relationship between injury extent (e.g., burn surface area) and immune cell function.
  • Identification of factors influencing T suppressor lymphocyte proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Neutrophil chemotaxis significantly declines with increased burn surface area.
  • Immune suppression may stem from intraleukocytic defects or inhibitory factors from damaged tissues.
  • T suppressor lymphocyte proliferation is stimulated by various injury-related factors, potentially preventing autoimmunity.

Conclusions:

  • Severe injuries induce a state of immune deficiency.
  • Factors like tissue damage, specific cellular components, and medical interventions exacerbate this immune suppression.
  • Malnutrition is a significant contributor to post-injury immune deficits.

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