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Related Experiment Videos

Nonoxidative glucose consumption during focal physiologic neural activity.

P T Fox1, M E Raichle, M A Mintun

  • 1Division of Radiation Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis 63110.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 22, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Brain glucose uptake significantly exceeds consumption during neural activity, suggesting energy use is lower than thought and blood flow is regulated for other purposes. This impacts understanding of brain metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding brain energy consumption is crucial for neuroscience.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) allows measurement of brain metabolism.
  • The resting-state oxygen-to-glucose ratio provides a baseline for brain energy use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify brain glucose uptake, oxygen metabolism, and blood flow during neural activity.
  • To determine the molar ratio of oxygen to glucose consumption during physiological neural activation.
  • To investigate the relationship between neural activity, glucose uptake, and blood flow regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized positron emission tomography (PET) in human subjects.
  • Measured brain glucose uptake, oxygen consumption, and blood flow.

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  • Calculated resting-state and activity-induced molar ratios of oxygen to glucose consumption.

    • Main Results:

    • A resting-state oxygen to glucose consumption ratio of 4.1:1 was observed.
    • Neural activity increased glucose uptake by 51% and blood flow by 50%.
    • Oxygen consumption increased by only 5% during neural activity, yielding an activity-induced ratio of 0.4:1.

    Conclusions:

    • Transient neural activity leads to glucose uptake exceeding oxidative metabolic consumption.
    • The energy consumed during acute neural activity is less than previously estimated.
    • Local cerebral blood flow is regulated by neural activity for functions beyond oxidative metabolism.