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Self-degrading graphene sheets for tumor therapy.

Ievgen S Donskyi1, Ying Chen, Philip Nickl

  • 1Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany. edonskoy89@zedat.fu-berlin.de haag@chemie.fu-berlin.de.

Nanoscale
|July 2, 2020
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Summary

Researchers developed self-degrading graphene sheets functionalized with enzymes for improved in vivo biomedical use. These biodegradable nanomaterials show promise for synergistic tumor therapy, combining drug release with enzymatic activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Graphene derivatives face limitations in vivo due to poor biodegradability and potential health risks.
  • Developing biodegradable nanomaterials is crucial for safe and effective in vivo biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize enzyme-functionalized graphene sheets with self-degrading properties for in vivo biomedical applications.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of these biodegradable graphene sheets in tumor therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Covalently conjugated a synergistic enzyme cascade (glucose oxidase and myeloperoxidase) to graphene sheets.
  • Demonstrated degradation of functionalized graphene sheets (289 nm to ≤40 nm) within 24 h under physiological conditions.
  • Loaded doxorubicin onto biodegradable graphene sheets and evaluated synergistic antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Achieved self-degrading enzyme-functionalized graphene sheets with neutrophil-like activity.
  • Demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects through laser-triggered doxorubicin release and enzymatic activity.
  • Confirmed fast biodegradability and significant photo- and chemotherapeutic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Novel biodegradable two-dimensional nanoplatforms offer a promising approach for tumor therapeutic applications.
  • Enzyme-functionalized graphene sheets overcome biodegradability limitations for in vivo use.
  • The synergistic combination of drug delivery and enzymatic action enhances therapeutic outcomes.