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Improving pulp revascularization outcomes with buccal fat autotransplantation
Saber Khazaei1, Abbasali Khademi1, Mahmoud Torabinejad2
1Department of Endodontics and Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Summary
Buccal fat autotransplantation shows promise in improving pulp revascularization outcomes. Combining it with a blood clot further enhanced gene expression for dentin matrix protein 1 and collagen I in regenerative endodontics.
Area of Science:
- Endodontics
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Pulp revascularization aims to restore immature teeth with necrotic pulps.
- Current techniques seek to enhance tissue regeneration and vascularization.
- Autotransplantation of tissue grafts offers potential for improved healing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the histologic and molecular outcomes of pulp revascularization using buccal fat autotransplantation.
- To compare different endodontic regeneration models, including blood clot and buccal fat autotransplantation.
Main Methods:
- Fifty-six immature dog teeth with open apices were divided into five groups: negative control, untreated control, blood clot, buccal fat autotransplantation, and combined blood clot with buccal fat autotransplantation.
- Teeth were analyzed after 3 months using histological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analyses (DSPP, DMP1, COL1, ALP).
Main Results:
- No significant differences in inflammation or necrosis were observed between intervention groups.
- Immunohistochemistry revealed significant differences in extracellular glycoprotein expression (fibronectin, laminin, tenascin C).
- Group 5 (blood clot + buccal fat) showed increased DMP1 and COL1 gene expression; Group 4 (buccal fat) showed increased DSPP; Group 3 (blood clot) showed increased ALP.
Conclusions:
- Buccal fat autotransplantation, particularly when combined with a blood clot, may enhance outcomes in regenerative endodontic procedures.
- Adipose tissue autotransplantation presents a novel approach for improving pulp revascularization.
- Further research into tissue autotransplantation for regenerative endodontics is warranted.
