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Bioactive Surfaces vs. Conventional Surfaces in Titanium Dental Implants: A Comparative Systematic Review.
Nansi López-Valverde1, Javier Flores-Fraile1, Juan Manuel Ramírez2
1Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 3, 2020
Summary
Bioactive surfaces on titanium dental implants enhance osseointegration compared to conventional surfaces. Combining mechanical and chemical treatments, particularly with hydroxyapatite, shows promising results for faster bone healing.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Bioactive surfaces on dental implants may improve osseointegration.
- Limited clinical trials exist, necessitating a review of current evidence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and compare the osseointegration effectiveness of bioactive titanium (Ti) dental implants versus conventional Ti implants.
- To assess if bioactive surfaces offer superior osseointegration capacity.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Web of Science databases in April 2020.
- Keywords included "dental implants", "bioactive surfaces", "biofunctionalized surfaces", and "osseointegration".
- Risk of bias assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool; 30 studies (3 clinical, 27 animal) met inclusion criteria.
Main Results:
- All animal studies indicated significantly better bone-to-implant contact (BIC) for bioactive surfaces (p < 0.05).
- Combined mechanical and chemical surface treatments yielded the best results.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium-phosphate (Ca-Ph) were the most common bioactive materials.
Conclusions:
- Certain bioactive surfaces positively influence dental implant osseointegration.
- Specific coating biomolecules may enhance early peri-implant bone formation.
- Further research is needed to optimize bioactive surfaces for reduced osseointegration time.
