Screening for Hypertension in Asymptomatic Individuals in India: An Expert Consensus Statement

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Preventive Medicine

Background:

• Hypertension (HTN) is a growing epidemic in India, affecting younger populations.
• Low awareness, treatment, and control rates necessitate early diagnosis and intervention.
• Effective screening guidelines for asymptomatic individuals in India are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish consensus recommendations for hypertension screening in the Indian context.
• To address the need for early detection and management of hypertension.
• To guide healthcare providers in screening asymptomatic individuals.

Main Methods:

• Development of consensus recommendations based on expert opinion.
• Defining screening initiation age and risk-based targeted screening.
• Specifying blood pressure measurement techniques and rescreening intervals.

Main Results:

• Initial screening recommended at 18 years of age.
• Targeted screening for high-risk individuals.
• Use of electronic BP monitors with at least two readings for diagnosis.
• Rescreening intervals defined based on BP levels (<130/85 mmHg every 3-5 years; 130-139/85-89 mmHg annually).
• Screening is considered cost-effective, even with universal population screening.

Conclusions:

• The consensus recommendations aim to increase hypertension screening awareness.
• Effective screening can lead to better hypertension control and reduced complications.
• Implementation of these guidelines is expected to improve public health outcomes in India.