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Millimeter-wave emission spectrometer based on direct digital synthesis.

Luyao Zou1, Roman A Motiyenko1, Laurent Margulès1

  • 1Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Département Physique, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR CNRS 8523, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.

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A new millimeter-wave spectrometer uses a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) for fast frequency switching, enabling highly sensitive measurements of rotational spectra. This design achieves excellent sensitivity for molecules like OCS and NH2CHO.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Millimeter-wave Technology

Background:

  • Fourier transform emission spectroscopy is crucial for analyzing molecular rotational transitions.
  • Existing spectrometers face limitations in sensitivity and frequency agility.
  • Direct digital synthesizers (DDS) offer rapid frequency control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel millimeter-wave Fourier transform emission spectrometer.
  • To leverage DDS technology for enhanced frequency switching and coherent reception.
  • To improve the sensitivity and data acquisition capabilities of emission spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) up-converted to the Ku-band with frequency multiplication.
  • Implemented a single radiation source for both pulse generation and local oscillation, enabling coherent heterodyne reception.
  • Covered frequency ranges of 50-110 GHz and 150-330 GHz.
  • Tested performance using rotational spectra of OCS, NH2CHO, and CH3CH2CN.

Main Results:

  • Achieved intrinsically coherent reception through the DDS-based design, allowing long-term data averaging.
  • Demonstrated maximum sensitivities of approximately 10^-9 cm^-1 (narrowband excitation) and 10^-8 cm^-1 (broadband chirped-pulse excitation) in the 150-300 GHz range for a 10-minute integration time.
  • Validated performance through accurate measurements of rotational spectra for target molecules.

Conclusions:

  • The developed millimeter-wave spectrometer offers significant improvements in sensitivity and measurement speed.
  • The DDS-based design enables highly sensitive, long-term averaged measurements due to coherent reception.
  • This instrument advances the capability for analyzing molecular rotational spectra in the millimeter-wave range.