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Related Concept Videos

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Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature

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Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
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Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
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The Collision Theory
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Increasing Temperature and Relative Humidity Accelerates Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces.

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Msphere
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Summary

The stability of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces decreases with higher humidity and temperature. This research on COVID-19 virus persistence informs fomite transmission risk in indoor environments.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2contaminationcoronavirusfomitehalf-lifehumiditytemperaturetransmission

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19.
  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2 stability on surfaces is crucial for mitigating transmission.
  • Previous studies examined virus stability under limited environmental conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of relative humidity, temperature, and droplet size on SARS-CoV-2 stability on nonporous surfaces.
  • To model virus decay rates under various environmental conditions.
  • To assess the risk of fomite transmission in indoor settings.

Main Methods:

  • SARS-CoV-2 stability was tested in a simulated matrix dried on stainless steel, plastic, and nitrile gloves.
  • Environmental factors including relative humidity (RH), temperature, and droplet volume were varied.
  • Virus decay rates and half-lives were measured under different conditions.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 decayed faster at higher temperatures (35°C) and higher relative humidity.
  • Virus half-life at 24°C ranged from 6.3 to 18.6 hours depending on RH.
  • At 35°C, virus half-life decreased to 1.0–8.9 hours.
  • Droplet volume and surface type did not significantly affect decay rate.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 can remain infectious on surfaces for hours to days, particularly in indoor environments.
  • Findings inform the risk assessment of surface contamination and fomite transmission.
  • A mathematical model was developed to estimate virus persistence on surfaces.