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Can Development Programs Shape Cooperation? : Results from a Framed Field Experiment in Indonesia.

Lucentezza Napitupulu1,2, Jetske Bouma3, Sonia Graham1

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Government development programs can affect traditional cooperation in indigenous communities. This study found that involvement in housing programs influenced cooperation levels among the Punan Tubu people in Indonesia.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Anthropology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • National development programs can alter traditional community cooperation norms in small-scale societies.
  • Understanding these impacts is crucial for effective policy implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between village and individual involvement in development policies and voluntary cooperation.
  • To explore how government programs interact with existing cooperative norms.

Main Methods:

  • A field experiment was conducted in seven villages (208 participants) of the Punan Tubu indigenous society in Indonesia.
  • The experiment was framed around a government house-building program to assess cooperation levels.

Main Results:

  • Cooperation in the experimental setting was generally low, potentially due to established norms of sharing and low punishment for uncooperative behavior.
  • Cooperative behavior varied by village and individual factors; participants in resettlement villages and those who received houses under the program showed more cooperation.
  • Resettled villagers may be more accustomed to anonymous interactions, while those with new houses might feel a greater obligation to cooperate.

Conclusions:

  • Synergistic and antagonistic interactions exist between traditional cooperative norms and government development policies.
  • Policies designed to leverage community cooperation must consider the specific contexts and conditions under which cooperation naturally occurs.
  • Traditional norms may not directly translate to participation in government-led initiatives, necessitating tailored approaches.