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Cerebral hemodynamics in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Simona Lattanzi1, Maria Cristina Acciarri1, Maura Danni1

  • 1Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Conca 71, 60020 Ancona, Italy.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|July 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis patients exhibit impaired cerebral hemodynamics, with significantly reduced cerebrovascular reactivity observed in secondary progressive MS compared to relapsing-remitting MS. This suggests vascular dysfunction may contribute to MS pathophysiology.

Keywords:
Cerebral hemodynamicsDemyelinating DisordersMultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is primarily viewed as an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in brain vasculature may also play a role in MS pathophysiology.
  • Understanding cerebral hemodynamics in MS is crucial for a comprehensive view of the disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cerebral hemodynamics in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
  • To investigate the relationship between cerebral hemodynamic status and disease characteristics in MS.
  • To compare cerebrovascular reactivity between different MS phenotypes and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 80 patients with MS and 80 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Assessed cerebral hemodynamics using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
  • Measured cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia via the breath-holding index (BHI).

Main Results:

  • Patients with MS demonstrated significantly reduced CVR compared to healthy controls.
  • Breath-holding index (BHI) values were significantly lower in secondary progressive (SP)-MS (0.51±0.20) than in relapsing-remitting (RR)-MS (0.87±0.18) patients.
  • The SP MS phenotype was identified as an independent predictor of lower BHI values, indicating impaired cerebral hemodynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebrovascular hemodynamic insufficiency is evident in multiple sclerosis patients.
  • This vascular dysfunction may be a consequence of the downstream effects of neuro-inflammatory processes in MS.
  • Findings highlight the potential contribution of vascular factors to MS progression.