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Related Concept Videos

Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
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Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Risk stratification in patients undergoing nonoperating room anesthesia.

Brecht Bockstael1, Nadia Najafi1, Jan Poelaert1,2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital Brussels (UZBrussel).

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
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Summary

Managing patients needing nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) requires a skilled team, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review covers risk assessment and safety measures for NORA procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Cardiovascular Interventions
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Increasing patient numbers and complexity in nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) settings.
  • The critical role of multidisciplinary teams in high-technology environments like cathlabs and radiology suites.
  • Magnified challenges in NORA during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review risk stratification strategies for adults and children undergoing NORA.
  • To discuss patient morphology, airway management, and cardiorespiratory function considerations.
  • To explore future developments and COVID-19 specific factors impacting NORA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on risk stratification in NORA.
  • Analysis of patient-specific factors: morphology, airway, cardiorespiratory status.
  • Inclusion of COVID-19 related challenges and safety protocols.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive risk stratification for NORA patients, including pediatric populations.
  • Identification of key areas for management: airway, cardiorespiratory function.
  • Discussion of emerging trends and COVID-19 implications for NORA.

Conclusions:

  • Emphasizes thorough preoperative assessment and preventive strategies for high-risk NORA patients.
  • Highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary team for timely interventions and complication recognition.
  • Stresses the importance of safety measures to prevent infectious transmission to patients and healthcare providers.