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Related Concept Videos

Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
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Complement System01:27

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Complement Resistance Assays.

Lourdes Isaac1, Angela Silva Barbosa2

  • 1Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. louisaac@icb.usp.br.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pathogenic Leptospira evade the immune system

Keywords:
Cleavage of Complement proteinsComplementComplement regulatorsLeptospiraProteasesSerum susceptibility

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pathogenic bacteria, including Leptospira, must overcome host immune defenses to establish infection.
  • The Complement System is a crucial part of innate immunity that targets and eliminates pathogens.
  • Complement regulatory proteins normally control the Complement System, preventing self-damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail common assays for evaluating the Complement resistance of pathogenic Leptospira.
  • To understand how Leptospira evade the host's Complement System.

Main Methods:

  • Review and description of established laboratory assays.
  • Focus on methods to assess bacterial resistance to complement-mediated lysis.
  • Analysis of bacterial strategies for interfering with complement activation pathways.

Main Results:

  • Pathogenic Leptospira utilize multiple mechanisms to resist complement.
  • These mechanisms include recruiting or mimicking host complement regulators.
  • Leptospira can also secrete proteases or acquire host proteases to inactivate complement components.

Conclusions:

  • Leptospira possess sophisticated strategies to evade the complement system.
  • Understanding these resistance mechanisms is vital for developing effective treatments.
  • The described assays provide tools for further research into Leptospira pathogenesis.