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Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

In eukaryotes, the cell division cycle is divided into distinct, coordinated cellular processes that include cell growth, DNA replication/chromosome duplication, chromosome distribution to daughter cells, and finally, cell division. The cell cycle is tightly regulated by its regulatory systems as well as extracellular signals that affect cell proliferation.
The processes of the cell cycle occur over approximately 24 hours (in typical human cells) and in two major distinguishable stages. The...

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

In eukaryotes, the cell division cycle is divided into distinct, coordinated cellular processes that include cell growth, DNA replication/chromosome duplication, chromosome distribution to daughter cells, and finally, cell division. The cell cycle is tightly regulated by its regulatory systems as well as extracellular signals that affect cell proliferation.
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Meiosis II

Meiosis II

Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...

Meiosis II

Meiosis II

Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...

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Fasciclin 2 Cooperates with Discs Large to Maintain Epithelial Architecture.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

Published on: June 24, 2019

Cell Division: Interkinetic Nuclear… Mechanics.

Christian M Cammarota¹, Dan Bergstralh²

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.

Current Biology : CB

|July 8, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Interkinetic nuclear migration, the movement of nuclei in dividing epithelial cells, is mechanically controlled. This process relies on the balance of forces between the dividing cell and its surrounding tissue.

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Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Published on: September 14, 2011

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Last Updated: Dec 15, 2025

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Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Published on: September 14, 2011

Area of Science:

Cell biology
Biophysics
Developmental biology

Background:

Epithelial cells undergo division to form tissues.
During division, cell nuclei move towards the apical surface, a process known as interkinetic nuclear migration.
The forces regulating this migration are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanical regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration.
To understand the role of force balance between the mitotic cell and surrounding tissue in nuclear positioning.

Main Methods:

Utilized advanced microscopy techniques to observe nuclear migration in live epithelial tissues.
Employed biophysical methods to quantify forces exerted by and on mitotic cells.
Manipulated the mechanical properties of the surrounding tissue to assess their impact on migration.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that interkinetic nuclear migration is a mechanically regulated process.
Identified a critical balance of forces between the mitotic cell and the extracellular matrix.
Showed that alterations in tissue mechanics disrupt normal nuclear migration patterns.

Conclusions:

Interkinetic nuclear migration is actively controlled by mechanical cues from the tissue microenvironment.
The balance of forces is essential for proper nuclear positioning during epithelial cell division.
This finding provides new insights into the physical mechanisms governing tissue development and homeostasis.