Astaxanthin as a Putative Geroprotector: Molecular Basis and Focus on Brain Aging

Area of Science:

• Gerontology and Neuroprotection
• Natural Product Chemistry
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Growing interest in natural compounds for anti-aging (geroprotective) effects.
• Astaxanthin (ASX), a natural carotenoid, exhibits potent antioxidant properties.
• ASX modulates cellular mechanisms linked to longevity and neuroprotection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore Astaxanthin's potential as a geroprotector and neuroprotective agent.
• To investigate ASX's effects on brain aging and longevity-related pathways.
• To highlight the role of ASX in modulating key proteins like FOXO3, Nrf2, Sirt1, and Klotho.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing scientific literature on Astaxanthin's biological activities.
• Analysis of ASX's antioxidant mechanisms and cellular signaling modulation.
• Examination of studies on ASX in experimental models of brain aging and neurodegeneration.

Main Results:

• Astaxanthin scavenges free radicals and controls membrane oxidation.
• ASX modulates transcription factors (e.g., FOXO3) and genes related to longevity.
• Studies show ASX increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and protects brain cells.

Conclusions:

• Astaxanthin demonstrates significant geroprotective and neuroprotective potential.
• ASX's ability to modulate longevity pathways and combat oxidative stress supports its role in delaying brain aging.
• Further research supports Astaxanthin as a promising geroneuroprotector.