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Related Concept Videos

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
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Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
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Functional Markers for Precision Plant Breeding.

Romesh K Salgotra1, C Neal Stewart2

  • 1School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu 190008, India.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional markers (FMs) accelerate crop breeding by linking genes to traits. These molecular tools enhance selection efficiency for developing elite cultivars and improving global food security.

Keywords:
elite cultivarfunctional markersfunctional sequence characterizationprecision plant breeding

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Genomics
  • Crop breeding

Background:

  • Modern molecular biology tools like genomics and genome editing enable rapid cultivar development.
  • Identifying genes and functional markers (FMs) associated with plant traits is crucial but challenging.
  • Functional genomics approaches are key to discovering FMs for desired traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest methods in functional marker (FM) development.
  • To explore the application of FMs in precision breeding for various traits.
  • To highlight the role of FMs in enhancing crop breeding for food security.

Main Methods:

  • Review of functional genomics strategies including transcriptomics, TILLING, HR, association mapping, and allele mining.
  • Analysis of marker-assisted selection (MAS) methods utilizing FMs.
  • Examination of FM application in breeding for agronomic, quality, and stress resistance traits.

Main Results:

  • Functional markers offer a direct genomic link to phenotypic traits, increasing selection efficiency.
  • FMs facilitate precise breeding for improved crop performance and stress resilience.
  • The reviewed methods demonstrate the utility of FMs in developing elite crop varieties.

Conclusions:

  • Functional markers are powerful tools for precision breeding.
  • The application of FMs significantly contributes to developing superior crop cultivars.
  • Utilizing FMs is vital for advancing global food security goals through enhanced crop development.