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Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
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Air quality mitigation in European cities: Status and challenges ahead.

M Viana1, F de Leeuw2, A Bartonova3

  • 1IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.

Environment International
|July 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

European cities are improving air quality (AQ) by targeting road traffic and emerging pollution sources. Cities need better tools for strategy evaluation and guidance on co-benefits for cleaner air and climate action.

Keywords:
Emerging sourcesFutureManagementNeedsNovel pollutantsUrban

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Urban Planning
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • Cities are central to air quality improvement efforts.
  • Air quality management strategies and outcomes in European cities were assessed.
  • Focus on 10 cities in 2018 and evolution since 2013, including additional cities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of air quality (AQ) management strategies and outcomes in European cities.
  • To assess the status of AQ mitigation in 2018 and its evolution since 2013.
  • To identify specific needs and challenges faced by cities in AQ management.

Main Methods:

  • First-hand input from AQ managers in selected European cities.
  • Assessment of AQ mitigation strategies and their evolution over time.
  • Analysis of emerging pollution sources beyond road traffic.

Main Results:

  • Majority of mitigation strategies focused on road traffic, with emerging sources like inland shipping and construction identified.
  • Several cities aimed to meet WHO air quality guidelines by 2018, a new ambition compared to 2013.
  • Cities require tools for effectiveness quantification, cost-benefit analysis, and guidance on real-world vehicle emissions and co-benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Effective AQ management requires tools for strategy evaluation, cost-benefit analysis, and guidance on co-benefits (AQ, climate, noise).
  • Early involvement of local policymakers and support across administrative scales (local to EU) are crucial for successful AQ policies.
  • This study identifies knowledge gaps and provides input for research and policy-making on urban AQ management needs.