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Fossils reshape the Sternorrhyncha evolutionary tree (Insecta, Hemiptera).

Jowita Drohojowska¹, Jacek Szwedo², Dagmara Żyła^3,4

¹Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 9, Bankowa St., 40-007, Katowice, Poland. jowita.drohojowska@us.edu.pl.

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|July 11, 2020

Summary

New mid-Cretaceous amber fossils reveal a specialized extinct lineage of Sternorrhyncha, related to whiteflies and psyllids. This finding enhances our understanding of early insect evolution and diversification within this important hemipteran suborder.

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Area of Science:

Paleontology
Entomology
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Sternorrhyncha, a suborder of Hemiptera, includes economically important insects like aphids and whiteflies.
Early evolution and diversification of Sternorrhyncha are poorly understood, with limited fossil evidence.
Cretaceous period saw rapid radiation of most modern Sternorrhyncha groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a new extinct lineage of Sternorrhyncha from mid-Cretaceous amber.
To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of this new lineage with extant and extinct groups.
To contribute to understanding the early evolution of Sternorrhyncha.

Main Methods:

Fossil discovery and analysis of inclusions in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar.
Morphological characterization of the new fossil sternorrhynchans.
Phylogenetic analyses incorporating extinct and extant Sternorrhyncha lineages.

Main Results:

Discovery of highly specialized sternorrhynchans from mid-Cretaceous amber.
Identification of a new extinct lineage, potentially representing a new infraorder.
Phylogenetic analyses indicate a relationship between the new fossils and whiteflies/psyllids.

Conclusions:

The new fossil lineage sheds light on the poorly understood early evolution of Sternorrhyncha.
This discovery expands the known diversity of extinct hemipterans.
Phylogenetic analyses provide new insights into the relationships within Sternorrhyncha.