Chitosan and its Derivatives for Ocular Delivery Formulations: Recent Advances and Developments

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Ophthalmology
• Drug Delivery

Background:

• Chitosan (CS) is a biocompatible, biodegradable polysaccharide derived from chitin.
• CS exhibits non-toxicity, low immunogenicity, antibacterial properties, and mucoadhesion.
• Its ability to enhance epithelial permeability makes it promising for ocular applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the properties of chitosan (CS) relevant to ocular drug delivery.
• To discuss recent advancements in CS-based ophthalmic delivery systems.
• To explore various CS formulations for improved ocular drug efficacy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific articles on chitosan in ocular drug delivery.
• Analysis of CS properties, including biocompatibility, mucoadhesion, and permeability enhancement.
• Categorization and presentation of CS-based delivery systems: nanocarriers, gels, lenses, inserts, and coatings.

Main Results:

• Chitosan's inherent properties are advantageous for overcoming ocular barriers.
• Diverse CS-based systems, including nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, gels, lenses, and inserts, have been developed.
• CS coatings can enhance the mucoadhesiveness of other drug delivery matrices.

Conclusions:

• Chitosan and its derivatives are highly suitable for developing advanced ophthalmic drug delivery systems.
• The reviewed CS-based systems offer potential for improved ocular drug targeting and therapeutic outcomes.
• Further research into CS formulations promises to enhance the treatment of various eye conditions.