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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

386
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
386

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Longitudinal cortical thinning progression differs across multiple sclerosis phenotypes and is clinically relevant: A

Milagros Hidalgo de la Cruz1, Paola Valsasina1, Claudio Gobbi2

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

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Summary

Cortical thinning patterns differ between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) over one year. Parieto-temporal abnormalities and thinning correlate with disability worsening in MS patients.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosiscortical thicknessdisability progressiondisease phenotypeslongitudinal

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies on cortical thickness (CTh) evolution across multiple sclerosis (MS) phenotypes are scarce.
  • Understanding regional CTh changes is crucial for characterizing MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the regional patterns and one-year progression of cortical thinning in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and progressive MS (PMS).
  • To compare CTh changes between MS phenotypes and healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution 3T MRI scans were acquired from 86 MS patients (75 RRMS, 11 PMS) and 34 HC at baseline and 1-year follow-up.
  • FreeSurfer software was used to analyze baseline CTh differences and longitudinal CTh changes.
  • Correlations between CTh changes, clinical data, and MRI variables were assessed.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited baseline frontal, parietal, and sensorimotor atrophy compared to HC.
  • PMS patients showed greater cortical atrophy in parietal, insular, and sensorimotor regions than RRMS patients.
  • RRMS patients demonstrated additional frontal and temporal thinning over one year, while PMS patients experienced widespread CTh reduction, significantly differing from RRMS.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct baseline parieto-temporal cortical thickness abnormalities and longitudinal thinning patterns characterize RRMS and PMS.
  • These CTh changes are associated with increased disability over the one-year follow-up period in MS patients.