Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Vascular System01:20

Overview of the Vascular System

3.3K
The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
3.3K
The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

51.6K
Overview
51.6K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.2K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.2K
Capillary Beds01:20

Capillary Beds

6.2K
Capillary beds are networks of tiny blood vessels that play a crucial role in the circulatory system. These beds are where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and surrounding tissues. Each capillary bed consists of numerous capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels in the body, typically only one cell-thick. This thinness allows for the efficient diffusion of substances.
Capillaries connect arterioles, small branches of arteries, to venules,...
6.2K
Capillaries and Their Types01:20

Capillaries and Their Types

6.9K
Capillaries, a crucial constituent of the circulatory system, are diminutive vessels with a diameter between 5–10 micrometers, accommodating perfusion to the tissues through the phenomenon known as microcirculation. Through their permeable walls, consisting of an endothelial layer ensconced by a basement membrane and sporadically dispersed smooth muscle fibers, the exchange of substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid becomes plausible. Variance in wall composition exists,...
6.9K
Physiological Barriers01:25

Physiological Barriers

4.9K
Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
4.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In Memoriam-Perry Scott Binder.

Cornea·2026
Same author

In Memoriam-Perry Scott Binder.

Cornea·2026
Same author

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Keratoconus in Young Adults Assessed with Tomography and Corneal Biomechanics: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

Predicted Visual Impact of a Small Aperture Intraocular Lens in Reducing Higher Order Aberrations in Post-Radial Keratotomy Patients.

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Prediction of the small aperture intraocular lens on visual acuity in patients with keratoconus.

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery·2024
Same author

Advances in Corneal Surgical and Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Presbyopia.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying Brain Endothelial Barrier in Metastatic Cancer Using Impedance-Based Biosensors
09:38

Author Spotlight: Studying Brain Endothelial Barrier in Metastatic Cancer Using Impedance-Based Biosensors

Published on: September 22, 2023

884

12. Endothelial pump and barrier function.

Stephen D Klyce1

  • 1Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 North Court Port, Washington, NY, 11050, United States.

Experimental Eye Research
|July 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The cornea

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Mammalian cornea transparency relies on endothelial fluid pump.
  • The "pump-leak" theory explains solute transport and osmotic balance.
  • In vivo limitations exist for in vitro low-temperature studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the mechanisms of corneal fluid transport.
  • Explore the role of innervation in low-temperature tolerance.
  • Examine endothelial cell volume regulation as a basis for the fluid pump.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on corneal physiology.
  • Analysis of in vitro and in vivo study discrepancies.
  • Hypothesizing the role of cellular mechanisms in fluid transport.
Keywords:
CorneaFluid pumpIon transportPermeabilityTransparency

More Related Videos

Endothelial Cell Transcytosis Assay as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Permeability
10:56

Endothelial Cell Transcytosis Assay as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Permeability

Published on: June 7, 2022

5.7K
Author Spotlight: Automated Bioprinting for High-Throughput Vascular Model Fabrication
07:41

Author Spotlight: Automated Bioprinting for High-Throughput Vascular Model Fabrication

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying Brain Endothelial Barrier in Metastatic Cancer Using Impedance-Based Biosensors
09:38

Author Spotlight: Studying Brain Endothelial Barrier in Metastatic Cancer Using Impedance-Based Biosensors

Published on: September 22, 2023

884
Endothelial Cell Transcytosis Assay as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Permeability
10:56

Endothelial Cell Transcytosis Assay as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Permeability

Published on: June 7, 2022

5.7K
Author Spotlight: Automated Bioprinting for High-Throughput Vascular Model Fabrication
07:41

Author Spotlight: Automated Bioprinting for High-Throughput Vascular Model Fabrication

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.5K

Main Results:

  • Classical "pump-leak" theory is challenged by in vivo limitations.
  • Sensory or sympathetic innervation may influence low-temperature tolerance.
  • Endothelial cell volume regulation asymmetry is proposed as the fluid pump basis.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal fluid pump mechanisms require further investigation.
  • Innervation's role in corneal temperature regulation warrants study.
  • Endothelial cell asymmetry offers a novel perspective on corneal hydration control.