Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

376
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
376
Pore Size Distribution01:23

Pore Size Distribution

332
In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
Adequate...
332
Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

632
Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the...
632
Permeability of Concrete01:25

Permeability of Concrete

381
Permeability in the context of concrete refers to how easily liquids or gases can pass through the material. This quality is crucial for assessing the water-tightness and durability of concrete structures and their resistance to chemical attacks. Concrete permeability can be determined through comparative laboratory tests. These tests typically involve sealing a concrete specimen from the sides, applying water pressure to the top surface with pressure, and measuring the amount of water passing...
381
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

335
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
335
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

370
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
370

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Estimation of Prediction Intervals for Performance Assessment of Building Using Machine Learning.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Fast Detection of Missing Thin Propagating Cracks during Deep-Learning-Based Concrete Crack/Non-Crack Classification.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Effect of Types of Microparticles on Vibration Reducibility of Cementitious Composites.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Damage-Detection Approach for Bridges with Multi-Vehicle Loads Using Convolutional Autoencoder.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Special Issue on "Smart City and Smart Infrastructure".

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

A Numerical Study on Structural Performance of Railway Sleepers Using Ultra High-Performance Concrete (UHPC).

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence
06:27

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.7K

Characterization of Porous Cementitious Materials Using Microscopic Image Processing and X-ray CT Analysis.

Jinyoung Yoon1, Hyunjun Kim2, Sung-Han Sim2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801, USA.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Characterizing pores in lightweight concrete is crucial for its performance. This study compared water absorption, microscopic imaging, and X-ray CT to analyze pore structures, revealing complementary benefits for material analysis.

Keywords:
3D tomographic imageX-ray CT analysismicroscopic image processingporous cementitious materials

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.1K
Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography
08:02

Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: February 25, 2015

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence
06:27

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.7K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.1K
Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography
08:02

Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: February 25, 2015

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Concrete Technology

Background:

  • Lightweight concrete use is rising due to reduced dead load in infrastructure.
  • Pore characteristics significantly influence lightweight concrete properties like strength and insulation.
  • Accurate pore characterization is vital for optimizing concrete performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively analyze pore characteristics in cementitious materials.
  • To evaluate three distinct testing methods for pore identification.
  • To establish relationships between pore structure and material density.

Main Methods:

  • Water absorption tests to determine water-permeable porosities.
  • Microscopic image processing for 2D pore analysis (pore ratio, size, number).
  • X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) for 3D pore analysis (volume ratio, size, distribution, open/closed pores).

Main Results:

  • Water absorption, microscopic imaging, and X-ray CT provided complementary data on pore characteristics.
  • Established relationships between oven-dried density and various porosity measurements.
  • Detailed 2D and 3D pore parameters were quantified for 12 cementitious materials.

Conclusions:

  • The combined application of water absorption, microscopic imaging, and X-ray CT offers a comprehensive approach to pore characterization in cementitious materials.
  • Understanding pore structure is key to enhancing lightweight concrete performance.
  • This comparative study validates the utility of multiple techniques for robust material analysis.