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SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray for global profiling of COVID-19 specific IgG and IgM responses
He-Wei Jiang1, Yang Li1, Hai-Nan Zhang1
1Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
Nature Communications
|July 16, 2020
Summary
This study characterized immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing IgG and IgM antibodies in convalescent patients. Key findings reveal specific antibody binding to viral proteins, particularly the N and S1 proteins, offering insights for diagnostics and vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The human immune system's response to SARS-CoV-2 remains incompletely understood.
- Characterizing antibody profiles is crucial for developing effective countermeasures against the virus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the specific IgG and IgM antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 proteins in individuals who have recovered from the infection.
- To identify key viral proteins targeted by the immune system and explore correlations between antibody levels and patient characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Construction of a SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray featuring 18 predicted viral proteins.
- Analysis of IgG and IgM antibody binding to these proteins in sera from 29 convalescent patients.
- Statistical analysis to determine correlations between antibody responses and clinical parameters like age and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels.
Main Results:
- All convalescent patients exhibited specific IgG and IgM antibodies binding to SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
- The Nucleocapsid (N) protein and Spike (S1) protein were prominently targeted by antibodies.
- Significant antibody responses were also observed against ORF9b and Non-structural protein 5 (NSP5).
- S1-specific IgG levels showed a positive correlation with patient age and LDH levels, and a negative correlation with lymphocyte percentage.
Conclusions:
- This study provides a comprehensive overview of the SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and IgM antibody landscape in recovered individuals.
- The identified antibody targets and their correlations offer valuable insights for the development of improved diagnostic tools, therapeutic interventions, and vaccination strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
