Optimizing Adult Protein Intake During Catabolic Health Conditions

Area of Science:

• Nutritional Science
• Metabolism
• Gerontology

Background:

• Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) establish nutrient intake ranges, from Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) to Upper Limit (UL).
• RDAs typically aim to prevent deficiency, while higher intakes may optimize health outcomes.
• Growing evidence suggests current protein recommendations may not be optimal for all adults.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evidence supporting higher protein intake beyond the current RDA.
• To highlight the role of indispensable amino acids, using leucine as an example.
• To discuss the benefits of optimized protein intake for specific populations and conditions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on protein and amino acid requirements.
• Analysis of evidence regarding protein quantity, quality, and timing.
• Examination of protein's role in aging, inactivity, bed rest, and metabolic dysfunction.

Main Results:

• The standard protein RDA (0.8 g/kg) may be inadequate for optimal health in many adults.
• Specific indispensable amino acids, like leucine, have higher requirements for optimizing metabolic functions.
• Higher protein diets show promise for improving health outcomes in aging, inactivity, and type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions:

• Current protein recommendations may need revision to account for optimizing health, not just preventing deficiency.
• Individualized protein intake strategies, considering amino acid profiles, may be beneficial.
• Optimizing protein intake is crucial for maintaining health and function in vulnerable populations.