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Genetic Polymorphisms Implicated in Major Pregnancy Complications: a Review

Georgios Dryllis1, Panagiota Liakou1, Marianna Politou1

  • 1Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11528, Greece, Athens, Greece.

Folia Medica
|July 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Genetic factors influencing pregnancy complications like preeclampsia and gestational diabetes show conflicting results. Further research is needed to identify genetic markers for early detection and treatment of high-risk pregnancies.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Obstetrics
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Pregnancy complications pose risks to maternal and fetal health.
  • Identifying underlying causes is crucial for effective management.
  • Genetic factors are increasingly recognized as potential contributors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the genetic background of various pregnancy complications.
  • To synthesize current evidence on the role of genetic polymorphisms in high-risk pregnancies.
  • To assess the potential for genetic markers in early diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies published up to October 2018.
  • Inclusion of studies on genetic factors in high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, placental abruption, premature labor, and intrauterine growth retardation.
  • Analysis of 164 identified articles meeting inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

  • Current research on genetic polymorphisms in pregnancy complications yields contradictory findings.
  • The pathogenicity of many studied genetic variations remains unclear.
  • Most studies involve small sample sizes, limiting definitive conclusions.

Conclusions:

  • The genetic basis of pregnancy complications requires further investigation.
  • Ongoing research aims to clarify the role of genetic polymorphisms.
  • Identifying reliable genetic markers could enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for high-risk pregnancies.

Keywords:
genetic polymorphismsgestational diabetesintrauterine growth retardationobstetric complicationsplacental abruptionpreeclampsiapremature labor

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