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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

5.5K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
5.5K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

2.2K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

25.3K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
25.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
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Hydride-encapsulated bimetallic clusters supported by 1,1-dithiolates.

Yu-Jie Zhong1, Jian-Hong Liao, Tzu-Hao Chiu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan, Republic of China. chenwei@mail.ndhu.edu.tw.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers structurally characterized mixed-metal hydride clusters, CuxAg7-x(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6. They identified an interstitial hydride within a tricapped tetrahedral cage using X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Atomically precise metal clusters are gaining attention for their unique properties.
  • Understanding the structure and bonding of mixed-metal clusters is crucial for developing new materials.
  • The synthesis and characterization of heptanuclear clusters offer insights into cluster growth and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To structurally characterize mixed-metal hydride clusters of the formula CuxAg7-x(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6 for x = 3 and 4.
  • To investigate the presence and location of an interstitial hydride within these clusters.
  • To elucidate the bonding and electronic properties of these novel cluster compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for precise structural determination.
  • Multinuclear Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for structural and electronic analysis.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to support experimental findings and explore electronic structures.

Main Results:

  • Two mixed-metal hydride clusters, Cu3Ag4(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6 and Cu4Ag3(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6, were structurally characterized.
  • An interstitial hydride ligand was located at the center of a tricapped tetrahedral cage and refined anisotropically.
  • Experimental data (X-ray, NMR) were corroborated by DFT calculations, confirming the hydride's presence and its role in the cluster's structure.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully characterized novel mixed-metal hydride clusters with precise atomic arrangements.
  • The interstitial hydride plays a significant role in stabilizing the heptanuclear cluster core.
  • This work provides a foundation for designing and synthesizing related metal hydride clusters with tailored properties.