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Screening Depressive Disorders With Tree-Drawing Test.

Simeng Gu1, Yige Liu1,2, Fei Liang3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|July 17, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tree-drawing test offers objective indicators for diagnosing depression. Specific quantitative features of drawings significantly differentiate between major depression, sub-threshold depression, and healthy individuals.

Keywords:
affective disordersdepressionemotionmajor depressive disordersquantitative studytree-drawing test

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychological assessment
  • Computational psychology

Background:

  • Accurate diagnosis of psychiatric disorders remains challenging due to subjective clinical opinions and varied patient presentations.
  • Objective diagnostic tools are needed to improve the reliability and consistency of psychiatric assessments.
  • Projective tests, like the tree-drawing test, offer a potential avenue for objective psychological evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of quantitative indexes derived from the tree-drawing test in diagnosing depression.
  • To identify specific objective features in tree drawings that can differentiate between patients with major depressive disorder, sub-threshold depression, and healthy controls.
  • To explore the correlation between quantitative tree-drawing features and depression symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • The tree-drawing test was administered to three groups: 43 patients with major depressive disorder, 48 with sub-threshold depression, and 59 healthy controls.
  • Computer image recognition and data acquisition software were employed to analyze quantitative features of the drawn trees.
  • Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) t-test were used to compare quantitative indexes across groups and correlate them with depression severity.

Main Results:

  • Five quantitative features (canopy area, canopy height, canopy width, trunk width, total tree area) showed statistically significant differences among the three groups.
  • Six quantitative indexes were significantly related to depression symptom severity, while others were not.
  • Canopy width was the only index significantly differentiating depressive symptoms from the sub-threshold depression group.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative analysis of tree drawings provides statistically significant indexes for differentiating depression patients from controls.
  • The tree-drawing test, through its quantitative indexes, holds considerable value in assisting the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.
  • Objective measurement of projective test features can enhance diagnostic accuracy in psychiatry.