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Maturing electron multiplying charge coupled device photon-counting with variable multiplication gain imaging for a

Udayan Mallik1, Peter Petrone2, Dominic J Benford3

  • 1Udayan Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, United States.

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|July 17, 2020
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Summary

This study introduces variable multiplication gain clocking to suppress charge blooming and starlight saturation in electron multiplying charge coupled devices (EMCCDs) for astronomical imaging. This innovation enhances high-contrast imaging performance in coronagraphs.

Keywords:
coronagraphic instrumentelectron multiplying charge coupled deviceexoplanethigh-contrast imagingphoton-counting imagingvisible nulling coronagraph

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Instrumentation and Technology

Background:

  • High-contrast astronomical imaging aims to detect faint objects near bright stars.
  • Electron multiplying charge coupled devices (EMCCDs) are used in photon-counting instruments for this purpose.
  • Charge blooming and starlight saturation degrade the performance of EMCCD-based coronagraphs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and address the challenges of charge blooming and starlight saturation in EMCCD-based coronagraphy.
  • To propose a novel clocking scheme for EMCCDs to mitigate these issues.
  • To discuss the design of a new controller for advanced EMCCD coronagraphic instruments.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments were conducted using a commercial EMCCD camera in a visible nulling coronagraph at Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • The concepts of charge blooming and starlight saturation were analyzed in the context of high-contrast imaging.
  • A new variable multiplication gain clocking scheme for EMCCDs was developed and proposed.

Main Results:

  • Charge blooming and starlight saturation were identified as significant limitations for photon-counting instruments without physical starlight blocking.
  • The proposed variable multiplication gain clocking scheme demonstrates potential for suppressing these adverse phenomena.
  • Design considerations for a new controller enabling simultaneous photon-counting, digitization, and variable gain clocking were discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Variable multiplication gain clocking offers a promising solution for improving EMCCD performance in high-contrast astronomical imaging.
  • A new controller design is crucial for realizing the full potential of EMCCDs in advanced coronagraphic applications.
  • This work paves the way for simultaneous exoplanet direct imaging and wavefront control in coronagraphs.