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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
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Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

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Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
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Parkinson's disease arises from the...
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The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

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Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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Autophagy in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Meihong Lv1, Quanhong Ma2

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy plays a crucial role in brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding its function, particularly in autism spectrum disorder, is key to uncovering disease mechanisms.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderAutophagyNeurodevelopmental diseaseNeuronal development

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Last Updated: Dec 14, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Neurodevelopmental diseases involve cognitive and behavioral issues stemming from brain and nervous system developmental disorders.
  • The exact pathological mechanisms remain unclear, with potential links to genetic or environmental influences.
  • Autophagy, a cellular process, is upregulated during neural development, suggesting its involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the critical functions of autophagy in neurodevelopment.
  • To investigate the role and mechanisms of autophagy in neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • To specifically examine the connection between autophagy and autism spectrum disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on autophagy and neurodevelopment.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the role of autophagy in various neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Focus on research detailing the mechanisms of autophagy in the context of autism spectrum disorder.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy is integral to normal neurodevelopmental processes.
  • Dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Specific pathways of autophagy are relevant to the development of autism spectrum disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy is a significant factor in neurodevelopment.
  • Targeting autophagy may offer therapeutic strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Further research into autophagy mechanisms is essential for understanding and treating conditions like autism spectrum disorder.