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William D. Timberlake (1942-2019).

Robert Ian Bowers

    The American Psychologist
    |July 17, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    William D. Timberlake pioneered the behavior systems approach to learning and disequilibrium theory of reinforcement. His theromorphic approach emphasized species-typical behaviors and their interaction with experimental conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Behavioral Science
    • Animal Behavior

    Background:

    • William D. Timberlake (1942-2019) was a significant figure in psychology.
    • His work spanned multiple areas including learning, reinforcement, behavioral economics, and circadian rhythms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To commemorate the life and contributions of William D. Timberlake.
    • To highlight his key theoretical frameworks and research methodologies.

    Main Methods:

    • The obituary reviews Timberlake's seminal work, including his behavior systems approach and disequilibrium theory.
    • It emphasizes his "theromorphic approach," focusing on species-typical behaviors and their interaction with experimental contexts.

    Main Results:

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  • Timberlake made substantial contributions to understanding learning, reinforcement, behavioral economics, circadian rhythms, time horizons, adjunctive behavior, and contrast effects.
  • His research provided clarity on complex theoretical problems by integrating organismal and environmental factors.

    • Conclusions:

    • Timberlake's legacy lies in his innovative theoretical contributions and his holistic approach to understanding behavior.
    • His work continues to influence the fields of psychology and behavioral science.