The migration of bisphenols from beverage cans and reusable sports bottles

A precise and accurate GC-MS/MS method with ng L^-1 LLOQs, acceptable recovery (78-107%) and estimated uncertainty (U > 20%, except at LLOQ) was developed following the Eurachem guidelines. We established the migration and stability of twelve bisphenols in two food simulants (C: 20% ethanol, and B: 3% acetic acid) from beverage cans (n = 16) and reusable metal and plastic sports bottles (n = 51). Bisphenols were stable in dried (eight weeks, -20 °C) and derivatised extracts (seven days, 21 °C). Cans leached BPA (<5865 ng L^-1), three BPF isomers (8.2-1286 ng L^-1) and BPAP (1.6 ng L^-1), while bottles leached BPA (<222 ng L^-1) and BPF, BPE, BPB and BPZ (1.1-4.6 ng L^-1). Simulant C was more aggressive than simulant B, and concentrations of bisphenols decreased with consecutive exposure to simulants. Levels of BPA migrating from cans did not exceed the specific migration limits.