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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Autoimmune Diseases
Valeria Lodde1, Giampaolo Murgia1, Elena Rita Simula1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Biomolecules
|July 18, 2020
Summary
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and are implicated in autoimmune diseases (ADs). Understanding ncRNA
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Autoimmune diseases (ADs) arise from uncontrolled immune responses targeting self-tissues, causing chronic inflammation and damage.
- Current AD treatments primarily manage symptoms, with no definitive cures available despite extensive research.
- Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous genetic loci linked to ADs, but the complete molecular pathogenesis remains elusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential roles and genetic regulation of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in ADs.
- To highlight ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for ADs.
- To focus on ncRNA involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on ncRNAs (microRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs) in autoimmune diseases.
- Analysis of genetic regulation mechanisms of ncRNAs in disease pathogenesis.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on ncRNA functions and therapeutic potential.
Main Results:
- Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression across various cellular processes.
- Dysregulation of ncRNAs is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in the development and progression of ADs.
- Specific ncRNAs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ADs.
Conclusions:
- Noncoding RNAs represent a critical, yet underexplored, area in autoimmune disease research.
- Targeting ncRNAs offers novel therapeutic strategies for currently incurable autoimmune conditions.
- Further investigation into ncRNA genetics and function is essential for advancing AD treatment and management.
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