Hepatosplenic sarcoidosis

Area of Science:

• Internal Medicine
• Pathology
• Immunology

Background:

• Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas.
• Pulmonary involvement is most common, affecting up to 90% of patients.
• The etiology of sarcoidosis remains largely unknown, but immune dysregulation is implicated.

Observation:

• This report details a rare case of sarcoidosis primarily affecting the spleen and liver.
• The patient presented with minimal to no significant pulmonary manifestations.
• Granulomatous inflammation was confirmed in splenic and hepatic tissues.

Findings:

• The spleen and liver were identified as the primary sites of sarcoid granuloma formation.
• Pulmonary function tests and imaging revealed only minor, non-specific changes.
• This presentation deviates from the typical pattern of extensive lung involvement in sarcoidosis.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential for extrathoracic organ predominance in sarcoidosis.
• It emphasizes the importance of considering sarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained splenomegaly and liver dysfunction.
• Further research into atypical sarcoidosis presentations may improve diagnostic strategies and patient outcomes.