Educational and Ethical Considerations for Genetic Test Implementation Within Health Care Systems

Area of Science:

• Genomic Medicine
• Translational Science
• Healthcare Workforce Development

Background:

• The precision medicine (PM) era is marked by a surge in genetic/genomic initiatives, data, and bioinformatics tools for targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Numerous large-scale population genomics research initiatives are integrating genomic data with electronic medical records.
• Learning healthcare systems are increasingly adopting clinical genomics screening and precision oncology programs, yet face workforce shortages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current trends in U.S. genomic medicine translation (2014-2019).
• To assess healthcare provider education and training resources for PM.
• To examine genomic clinical decision support (CDS) implementation tools.

Main Methods:

• A scoping review methodology was employed.
• The review focused on U.S. genomic medicine translation trends from 2014-2019.
• Analysis included workforce education/training and CDS tools.

Main Results:

• Healthcare systems are implementing genetic tests, particularly in oncology, pharmacogenetics, obstetrics, and prenatal diagnostics.
• Ensuring provider and staff preparedness for ordering, using, and interpreting genetic information is crucial for safe PM adoption.
• High-quality educational resources and CDS tools are available.

Conclusions:

• Available evidence-based educational resources and CDS tools can support PM translation.
• Strong partnerships between healthcare leaders, providers, and staff are essential.
• Setting realistic goals can facilitate the successful integration of PM into healthcare.