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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Dimensionality of oppositional defiant disorder.

Silje S Hukkelberg1, Terje Ogden1

  • 1The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development (NUBU) , Oslo, Norway.

Child and Adolescent Mental Health
|July 18, 2020
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Summary

This study explored oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in children using network and factor analysis. Findings suggest a bifactor model, but only the general and hurtful factors showed reliable measurement.

Keywords:
Bifactor structural equation modelingnetwork analysisoppositional defiant disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a common childhood behavioral disorder.
  • Understanding the dimensional structure of ODD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective intervention.
  • Previous research has yielded mixed results regarding the underlying structure of ODD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the dimensionality of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) using network analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.
  • To investigate the interrelationships between ODD symptoms and identify potential symptom clusters.
  • To evaluate the fit of a bifactor model for ODD indicators.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 551 Norwegian children (aged 2-12) and their parents.
  • Network analysis was employed to explore symptom connections within the ODD network.
  • Confirmatory factor analysis, including a bifactor approach, was used to assess model fit.

Main Results:

  • A bifactor model with a general factor and three specific factors demonstrated the best fit.
  • Reliability analyses (Omega values) indicated satisfactory measurement for the general and specific hurtful factors only.
  • Network analysis revealed positively connected ODD symptoms, with strong links within irritable/hurtful clusters and bridge nodes in the headstrong cluster.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a bifactor model for ODD, though reliability is limited to the general and one specific factor.
  • Network analysis provided valuable insights into symptom interconnections and identified key bridging symptoms.
  • These results have implications for refining ODD assessment and understanding its complex symptom structure.