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Individually customized transcranial temporal interference stimulation for focused modulation of deep brain

Sangjun Lee¹, Chany Lee², Jimin Park¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.

Scientific Reports

|July 18, 2020

Summary

Temporal interference (TI) stimulation optimizes deep brain targeting by adjusting scalp electrodes and currents. Customized TI stimulation enhances precision and minimizes cortical stimulation for effective noninvasive brain modulation.

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Combined Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Electroencephalography of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Computational Modeling

Background:

Temporal interference (TI) stimulation enables deep brain region targeting with reduced neocortical stimulation.
Human head's complex anatomy complicates precise TI current delivery to specific deep brain areas.
Optimizing TI stimulation parameters is crucial for effective noninvasive brain modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize scalp electrode configurations and injection currents for maximal TI stimulation in the human hippocampus.
To investigate the impact of individual anatomical variations on TI stimulation efficacy.
To compare optimized TI stimulation with unoptimized and conventional single-frequency stimulation.

Main Methods:

Utilized three realistic finite element (FE) head models based on individual anatomical structures.
Selected two pairs of scalp electrodes delivering sinusoidally alternating currents with a slight frequency difference.
Determined optimal injection currents for maximal TI current delivery to the right hippocampus head.

Main Results:

Optimized TI stimulation parameters successfully delivered targeted currents to the hippocampus while reducing cortical stimulation.
Compared to unoptimized TI and conventional stimulation, optimized parameters showed improved current distribution.
Individual anatomical differences necessitated customized stimulation for effective TI delivery.

Conclusions:

Customized transcranial TI stimulation, informed by numerical field analysis, enhances noninvasive deep brain stimulation.
Optimization of TI stimulation parameters is essential for precise targeting and reduced off-target effects.
Individualized approaches are key to maximizing the effectiveness of TI stimulation for deep brain structures.