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Related Experiment Videos

Understanding How Older Adults Comprehend Simple Comparative Sentences in a Predicate-Final Language.

Jimin Park1, Seunghun J Lee2,3, Jee Eun Sung1,4,5

  • 1Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impacts sentence comprehension, with older adults showing slower processing of comparative sentences. Working memory capacity influences how quickly individuals process complex sentence structures.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Sentence comprehension abilities can decline with age.
  • Individual differences in cognitive abilities, such as working memory, may influence language processing in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on the comprehension of simple comparative sentences in a predicate-final language.
  • To explore individual variability in sentence comprehension among older adults based on performance levels.

Main Methods:

  • A sentence-picture matching task was administered to 221 participants across different age groups (young and old).
  • Comparative sentences were manipulated for word order (comparee-first, standard-first).
  • Response accuracy and response time (RT) were analyzed, along with working memory (WM) scores for older adults.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited slower response times (RT) compared to young adults in processing comparative sentences, particularly in comparee-first constructions.
  • A significant interaction between word order and working memory (WM) scores was observed in RT.
  • Higher WM scores correlated with faster RT for comparee-first constructions, indicating the role of cognitive resources.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related differences in sentence processing are evident even in simple syntactic structures, highlighting sensitivity to cognitive aging.
  • The interaction between working memory capacity and syntactic structure underscores the need to integrate cognitive and linguistic factors in models of sentence comprehension across the lifespan.