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Modifiable lifestyle factors and heart failure: A Mendelian randomization study
Sabine van Oort1, Joline W J Beulens2, Adriana J van Ballegooijen3
1Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
American Heart Journal
|July 19, 2020
Summary
Smoking initiation significantly increases heart failure risk, while longer sleep duration reduces it. These lifestyle factors are crucial for heart failure prevention strategies. Further research is needed for other factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
- Genetic Epidemiology
- Lifestyle Medicine
Background:
- Heart failure prevention strategies are crucial, with lifestyle factors being potential targets.
- Current understanding of lifestyle-heart failure links relies heavily on observational studies.
- Causal relationships require robust investigation beyond observational data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal associations between key lifestyle factors and heart failure risk.
- To utilize Mendelian randomization to overcome limitations of observational studies.
- To identify modifiable risk factors for heart failure prevention.
Main Methods:
- Employed Mendelian randomization using genome-wide association study summary statistics.
- Analyzed genetic associations for smoking, alcohol, coffee, physical activity, and sleep duration.
- Utilized large-scale European ancestry datasets for heart failure cases and controls.
Main Results:
- Genetic predisposition to smoking initiation showed a significant association with increased heart failure odds (OR: 1.28).
- Genetically predicted longer sleep duration was linked to decreased heart failure odds (OR per hour/day: 0.73).
- No significant causal associations were found for alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, or physical activity.
Conclusions:
- Smoking initiation is a causal risk factor for heart failure; longer sleep duration is protective.
- Sleep duration should be considered a novel risk factor in heart failure prevention guidelines.
- Further large-scale Mendelian randomization studies are warranted to explore alcohol, coffee, and physical activity's roles.
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