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Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Facial Nerve Axotomy in Mice: A Model to Study Motoneuron Response to Injury
Published on: February 23, 2015
Microsurgical anatomy of the facial nerve
Seung H Yang1, HaeKwan Park2, Do Sung Yoo2
1Department of Neurosurgery, ST. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, South Korea.
Abstract:
The facial nerve connections and pathways from the cortex to the brainstem are intricate and complicated. The extra-axial part of the facial nerve leaves the lateral part of the pontomedullary sulcus and enters the temporal bone through the internal acoustic meatus. In the temporal bone, the facial nerve branches into fibers innervating the glands and tongue. After it emerges from the temporal bone it supplies various facial muscles. It contains a motor, general sensory, special sensory, and autonomic components. The physician needs comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy and courses of the facial nerve to diagnose and treat lesions and diseases of it so that surgical complications due to facial nerve injury can be avoided. This review describes the microsurgical anatomy of the facial nerve and illustrates its anatomy in relation to the surrounding bone, connective, and neurovascular structures.
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