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Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Characteristics of Steel01:18

Mechanical Characteristics of Steel

929
The mechanical characteristics of steel are assessed through various tests that evaluate its strength, toughness, and flexibility. These tests include tension, torsion, impact, bending, and hardness assessments, each providing crucial information about steel's suitability for specific applications.
The tension test is fundamental for determining tensile strength. In this test, a steel specimen is stretched using a gripping device until it breaks. The data collected during this test are used...
929

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Micromechanical Tension Testing of Additively Manufactured 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Specimens
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Metals by Micro-Scale Additive Manufacturing: Comparison of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties.

Alain Reiser1, Lukas Koch1, Kathleen A Dunn2

  • 1Laboratory for Nanometallurgy Department of Materials ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 Zürich 8093 Switzerland.

Advanced Functional Materials
|July 21, 2020
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Summary

Small-scale additive manufacturing (AM) creates 3D metal architectures for microscale engineering. Current methods yield diverse microstructures and mechanical properties, offering a baseline for optimizing printed metals.

Keywords:
3D printingadditive manufacturingmechanical propertiesmetalsmicromicrostructurenano

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Microfabrication

Background:

  • Microscale engineering requires 3D inorganic material architectures.
  • Small-scale additive manufacturing (AM) offers flexible fabrication but faces challenges in synthesizing device-grade materials.
  • Current AM methods with high spatial resolution (≤10 μm) are crucial for microfabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the microstructural and mechanical properties of metals fabricated by state-of-the-art microscale AM methods.
  • To establish a baseline for optimizing the properties of additively manufactured metallic objects at the microscale.
  • To provide practical guidelines for users of small-scale additive manufacturing techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of standardized metal samples using microscale additive manufacturing (AM) techniques with spatial resolution ≤10 μm.
  • Cross-sectional electron microscopy for microstructural analysis.
  • Nanoindentation and microcompression testing for evaluating elastic and plastic mechanical properties.

Main Results:

  • Microscale AM techniques produce metals with a wide spectrum of microstructures and mechanical properties.
  • Dense, crystalline microstructures exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, comparable to thin-film nanocrystalline materials, were achieved.
  • Variations in material performance are directly linked to microstructural differences, which are influenced by the specific AM method's principles.

Conclusions:

  • Microscale AM enables the fabrication of metallic materials with diverse properties suitable for microscale engineering applications.
  • The study provides essential data and guidelines for selecting and optimizing AM processes for microfabrication.
  • This work represents a significant step towards establishing AM as a viable technique for microfabrication of metallic components.