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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Granular Materials

Background:

  • Flow of suspended particles through constrictions can lead to clogging or intermittent flow.
  • The intermittent flow regime is sensitive to the ratio of channel constriction size (D) to particle size (d).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the limits of intermittent flow for dense suspensions through a single bottleneck.
  • To analyze the influence of the D/d ratio on flow behavior and clog formation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high time- and space-resolution experiments to observe particle flow dynamics.
  • Measured distributions of arrest times (T) between particle flow bursts.
  • Analyzed power-law tails (∝T^{-α}) in arrest time distributions to determine characteristic exponents (α).

Main Results:

  • Arrest time distributions exhibit power-law tails with characteristic exponents (α).
  • These exponents show similarities to those observed in pedestrian evacuation, animal herding, and silo discharge.
  • A sharp transition was identified, moving from a clogged state (α≤2) to continuous flow as D/d varies.

Conclusions:

  • The study identifies a critical transition point in particle flow through constrictions, differentiating it from other intermittent flow systems.
  • System-specific properties, including geometry and forces, dictate the transition from intermittent to continuous flow.
  • The findings offer insights into granular flow dynamics and clogging phenomena.