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Effect of general anaesthesia on intraocular pressure in paediatric patients: a systematic review

Sukhumal Thanapaisal1,2, Julius Oatts1, Jing Zhao1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Eye (London, England)
|July 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

General anaesthetic agents significantly lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in children post-induction. Understanding these effects of general anaesthesia (GA) on IOP is crucial for pediatric ophthalmic procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) management is critical during pediatric ophthalmic procedures.
  • General anaesthesia (GA) can influence IOP, necessitating a clear understanding of its effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the impact of various general anaesthetic agents on intraocular pressure (IOP) in children.
  • To synthesize evidence on how different anesthetic agents affect IOP following induction.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for relevant studies up to October 5, 2018.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials, prospective, and interventional studies.
  • Linear mixed-effects regression analysis to evaluate changes in IOP after GA.

Main Results:

  • Six studies involving 531 eyes were included in the quantitative synthesis.
  • Most anesthetic agents demonstrated a significant decrease in IOP over time post-induction.
  • IOP decreased at a rate of -0.59 ± 0.19 mmHg/min (P=0.006) after induction.

Conclusions:

  • General anaesthesia agents generally reduce intraocular pressure in children after the induction phase.
  • Knowledge of GA's effect on IOP is vital for safe and effective pediatric ophthalmic examinations under anesthesia.
Abstract

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