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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is increasingly utilized by adolescents and young adults (AYAs).
  • Primary care providers frequently encounter AYAs seeking management for LARC-associated concerns post-insertion.
  • Understanding and addressing side effects is crucial for sustained LARC use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To equip primary care clinicians with tools for assessing and managing common LARC-associated side effects in AYAs.
  • To review current understanding and management strategies for progestin-only LARC side effects.
  • To highlight the importance of patient counseling and follow-up in LARC management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on LARC side effects in AYAs.
  • Synthesis of expert opinion on therapeutic interventions for managing LARC-associated adverse events.
  • Analysis of common side effects cited in progestin-only LARC use.

Main Results:

  • Progestin-only LARC is associated with common side effects such as abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, acne, and weight changes.
  • While causes are not fully understood, most side effects improve over time.
  • Therapeutic interventions exist for managing persistent or undesirable side effects, though often based on expert opinion and lacking extensive study in AYAs.

Conclusions:

  • Effective counseling and clinical follow-up are essential for managing LARC-associated side effects.
  • While therapeutic options can mitigate side effects and enhance LARC satisfaction, further research is needed, particularly in the AYA population.
  • Improving management of LARC side effects can increase contraceptive adherence and satisfaction among AYAs.