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Computational modeling of media flow through perfusion-based bioreactors for bone tissue engineering
Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei1,2, Mahboubeh Bohlouli2,3, Kazem Adavi4
1Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Summary
Computational modeling of bioreactors optimizes bone tissue engineering. Combining rotational and perfusion forces enhances cell growth and bone-like tissue formation, reducing experimental time and material costs.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Bioreactor systems simulate dynamic bone tissue environments.
- Perfusion bioreactors are efficient for shear-loading applications.
- Combined forces like rotation and perfusion enhance cell growth and osteogenic differentiation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct computational modeling of novel bioreactors.
- To evaluate the effect of fluid flow hydrodynamics and shear stress on osteogenesis.
- To reduce time and material costs associated with bioreactor parameter evaluation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the finite element method to analyze fluid flow hydrodynamics.
- Employed Navier-Stokes and Brinkman equations for velocity and shear stress calculations.
- Performed biological assessments to validate computational parameters in bioreactor prototypes.
Main Results:
- Rotational fluid motion generated higher velocity and shear stress than perfusion alone.
- Rotating and perfusion bioreactors showed increased cell proliferation.
- Enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular matrix formation were observed in rotating and perfusion bioreactors.
Conclusions:
- Computational modeling effectively predicts bioreactor performance.
- Combined rotational and perfusion forces significantly enhance osteogenesis.
- This approach streamlines the development of functional bone grafts.
