[The mechanism underlying histone deacetylases regulating cardiac hypertrophy]

Cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory response that occurs as a result of increased hemodynamic requirement in peripheral tissues. In the process of cardiac hypertrophy, the expression of different types of genes in different stages is transcriptionally regulated by multiple-level physiological and pathological signals. Histone acetylation, as the most extensive post-translational modification, is closely controlled by the antagonistic histone acetyltransferases (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Recent studies have shown that HDACs, as a family of enzymes that inhibit transcription and contain highly conserved deacetylase domains, regulate gene expression during cardiac hypertrophy through a variety of pathways. In this review, we mainly summarize the research progress on histone deacetylase in cardiac hypertrophy. By elucidating the role and molecular mechanism of different HDACs in cardiac hypertrophy, it provides new ideas for the treatment of different types of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and molecular targets for new drug design.