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Related Concept Videos

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Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

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Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
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Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Lymph node involvement by enteropathy-like indolent NK-cell proliferation.

Jean-Louis Dargent1, Nicolas Tinton2, Mounir Trimech3

  • 1Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique (IPG), Gosselies, Belgium.

Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology
|July 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Natural killer (NK)-cell enteropathy (NKCE) and lymphomatoid gastropathy (LG) are rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative NK-cell disorders. This study reports an unusual case of lymph node involvement, suggesting these proliferations can occur outside the GI tract.

Keywords:
GallbladderGastrointestinalIndolent NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorderLymph nodeLymphomatoid gastropathyNK-cell enteropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hematology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Natural killer (NK)-cell enteropathy (NKCE) and lymphomatoid gastropathy (LG) are uncommon, indolent lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs).
  • These disorders are characterized by mature, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative NK-cells.
  • While typically found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, extragastrointestinal cases are rarely documented.

Observation:

  • A unique case of EBV-negative NK-cell proliferation was incidentally discovered in a lymph node.
  • The lymph node was part of a gallbladder resected for biliary lithiasis.
  • The proliferation was identified during routine histological examination.

Findings:

  • Histologic, phenotypic, and molecular analyses revealed features consistent with NKCE or LG.
  • The NK-cell proliferation in the lymph node closely resembled those previously reported in the GI tract.
  • This suggests a potential for EBV-negative NK-cell LPDs to involve lymph nodes.

Implications:

  • This finding expands the known spectrum of extragastrointestinal manifestations of EBV-negative NK-cell LPDs.
  • It highlights the importance of considering lymph node involvement in the differential diagnosis of such cases.
  • Further research may clarify the full extent and behavior of these indolent lymphoid proliferations.