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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats
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Optical coherence tomography angiography in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Roberta Farci1, Arturo Carta2, Eleonora Cocco3

  • 1Eye Clinic, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

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|July 24, 2020
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Summary

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) reveals reduced retinal capillary flow density (CFD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This reduction occurs in both those with and without a history of optic neuritis, indicating widespread retinal perfusion changes in MS.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Retinal neurodegeneration and vascular changes are increasingly recognized in MS.
  • Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) offers non-invasive visualization of retinal microvasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate variations in retinal axonal density and capillary flow density (CFD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using OCT-A.
  • To compare CFD in different retinal layers between MS patients and healthy controls.
  • To investigate if previous optic neuritis influences CFD in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 48 MS patients and 23 controls.
  • Macular and optic nerve head OCT-A was performed.
  • CFD was assessed in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris layer (CL).
  • CFD values were correlated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in overall CFD were found between MS patients and controls in 18 subregions of the SCP.
  • Significant differences in CFD were observed between MS patients and controls in 16 subregions of the CL.
  • No significant difference in CL CFD was noted between MS patients with and without prior optic neuritis.

Conclusions:

  • OCT-A demonstrates reduced retinal perfusion in a significant proportion of MS patients.
  • Retinal perfusion deficits are present regardless of a history of optic neuritis.
  • OCT-A is a valuable tool for assessing microvascular changes in MS.